Departments

Our program, focused on adult primary care, is known for its excellence and emphasis on prevention and wellness. We efficiently manage potential medical problems as they arise, and collaborate with specialists when needed. Our practice includes internal medicine physicians, advanced nurse practitioners, a clinical psychologist, a social worker, registered-nurse patient care coordinators, licensed practical nurses, medical assistants, clerical office staff, and a practice supervisor. Our goal is to provide patients with the highest quality, personalized healthcare in the Patient-Centered Medical Home (PCMH) model of care. The PCMH model of care focuses on five areas: Building strong, collaborative health care teams that work together to meet the needs of patients Providing patient-centered care addressing the whole person, respecting patients’ values and preferences Coordinating comprehensive health care through clear communication among patients, families, caregivers, medical and behavioral health providers, hospitals, and other facilities Improving patients’ access to care, through such initiatives as expanded office hours and providing email access to electronic medical records Improving health care quality and standards by providing evidence-based care, patient and family education, and self-management support We would like to hear your direct feedback regarding your experience as a patient/family member of our clinic. Please visit the YIMA Patient/Family Comment Box to provide your feedback. Sign up for MyChart , our secure online patient portal, that gives you access to all of your Yale health information whenever you need it, wherever you may be.

At Laboratory Medicine, we study the molecular and cellular components of blood and other body fluids. This work is crucial to diagnosing and managing illness and understanding the mechanisms and origins of disease.Our physicians, known as clinical pathologists, provide consultations to other doctors regarding optimal laboratory diagnostic approaches and the interpretation of complex laboratory tests. Our team includes pathologists, scientists, phlebotomists, medical technicians, technologists, and others who perform important support functions for our state-of-the-art laboratory. We are available every day, 24 hours a day, for physicians. We perform approximately 10 million tests each year, and also provide specialized high-tech testing to other hospitals in the Yale New Haven Health System and institutions throughout New England, and as far away as Puerto Rico. We also operate multiple satellite facilities and patient service centers located throughout the state. We ensure that every test we offer—at every location—is accurate and reliable. When physicians request to have patients’ blood drawn, here is what happens: Collection: A doctor, nurse, technician, or phlebotomist will draw the patient’s blood. Several tubes may be needed for different types of tests. Depending on what illness the patient might have, his or her doctor may want to obtain a urine sample, throat swab, or other sample. After the sample is collected, the container is labeled with the patient’s name and other information. The sample is received and processed by the Laboratory, and testing begins: Chemistry Testing Blood and other bodily fluids are tested for chemicals, drugs, and substances that indicate disease. We check cholesterol and other tests for risk of heart disease, glucose to monitor diabetes, or thyroxin to monitor the thyroid gland. Hematology Testing We analyze the amount and function of blood cells and plasma. Examples include the Complete Blood Count (CBC) that tells the doctor how many cells of each type are in the patient’s blood, and the prothrombin time (PT) to measure the time it takes for the blood to clot. Microbiology Testing We test a variety of specimen samples for infections caused by bacteria, fungi, or parasites. We often do urine cultures for urinary tract infections. Virology Testing We test for viral infections. This includes rapid tests for respiratory viruses such as influenza, molecular tests for noroviruses, and antibody tests for HIV. Immunology/Molecular Diagnostics Some tests are used to determine whether the immune system is functioning properly. State-of-the-art analysis of DNA and RNA is used to test for a variety of diseases and for the risk of developing certain diseases. Other specialized tests include the ANA, used to screen for autoimmune disease, and Factor V Leiden genotyping for patients with blood clots. Tumor Profiling Laboratory This lab analyzes tumor DNA to predict the sensitivity or resistance of tumors to a

The Cancer-Infectious Diseases (Cancer-ID) Program is an integrated multidisciplinary clinic that will provide supportive consultative services to people with HIV and cancer. Dedicated HIV/ID specialists from Yale Medicine will work closely with the patient’s oncology care team to manage care for patients with HIV undergoing cancer treatment. A team of providers, including surgical oncologists, medical oncologists, radiation oncologists, and pathologists, will provide consultative services for people with HIV with hematologic malignancies, gastrointestinal, genitourinary, head and neck, thoracic, dermatologic, and breast cancers, as well as those with Kaposi Sarcoma, liver, gynecologic, and neuro-oncologic malignancies. Access to a wide variety of support services and clinical trials is also available. People with HIV have higher rates of cancer incidence compared to uninfected individuals. In addition, they have worse outcomes after a diagnosis of cancer. Because the majority of cancer clinical trials do not include patients with HIV among their study population, there is little evidence-based guidance with regard to cancer care for these patients. What’s more, the patient experience may additionally suffer because this patient population includes an underserved and understudied group who are often impacted by health inequities and health disparities. With the advent of immune-based therapies and personalized approaches to cancer care, the lack of data within the HIV population to guide treatment decision-making further impacts health disparities among this underserved population. The Cancer-Infectious Diseases, or Cancer-ID program, was established in July 2022 to provide consultative care to patients with HIV who are also diagnosed with cancer. Brinda Emu, MD, serves as the director of the Cancer-ID program. She and Mark Lustberg, MD, are HIV specialists with a specific interest in cancer care and will see patients on a consultative basis. The Cancer-ID program will be located within the Yale Center for Infectious Disease, which is directed by Lydia Aoun-Barakat, MD. The program additionally has the support of Yale Cancer Center leadership. It is led by Jill Lacy, MD, and a large network of consultative affiliated oncology faculty members across all oncology disease areas, who serve as liaisons and ambassadors within the Yale Cancer Center to ensure appropriate and timely care to patients with both HIV and cancer, including access to clinical care and ancillary services. There are three main goals of the Cancer-ID program: Provide consultative care to patients with both HIV and cancer to facilitate and manage both HIV infection and cancer care throughout and beyond cancer treatment Improve the patient experience while receiving cancer care Identify and engage patients in research activities and clinical trials when appropriate The program additionally hopes to build expertise in the clinical care of cancer among people with HIV, provide ou

The physicians in our General Internal Medicine section are national leaders in their fields, and provide dedicated, comprehensive patient care in both inpatient and outpatient settings at several sites across Connecticut: At Yale Internal Medicine Associates in New Haven, we provide state-of-the-art general medical care for adults. At the New Haven Primary Care Consortium (NHPCC), located at 150 Sargent Drive in New Haven, CT, we provide comprehensive primary care, as well as specialized programs in traveling health, rheumatology, dermatology, podiatry, mental health, and addiction medicine. The Occupational and Environmental Medicine clinic focuses on the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases due to chemical, biological, and physical hazards in the workplace and environment. The Primary Care Center located at the VA Connecticut Healthcare System in West Haven is also a major clinical and teaching site, and provides specialized Women’s Health and stroke care. The Medicine-Pediatric Clinic is located at St. Mary’s Hospital, 133 Scovill Street, in Waterbury. The Yale Addiction Medicine Consult Services provide hospital-based addiction assessment and treatment to patients who are hospitalized at Yale New Haven Hospital. Specialized programs in dermatology, mental health, rheumatology, and health care for travelers Medical forensic exams for individuals with claims of torture who are seeking asylum in the U.S. Specialized program for the treatment of substance use disorders We are also involved in community outreach and service programs that expand the reach of our research and clinical programs. Our research programs in such areas as substance abuse, occupational medicine, and chronic disease management provide our patients in the community with a variety of opportunities to access care and improve their health. Many of our faculty members are graduates of the Robert Wood Johnson Clinical Scholars Program.

Established in 1984 in response to the increasing number of individuals being treated for HIV/AIDS at Yale New Haven Hospital, our AIDS Care Program offers comprehensive services for adults, adolescents, and children with HIV. We provide primary and consultative medical care, counseling and testing, social services, patient and family support groups, and women's health services. Our participating physicians are board certified in internal medicine and infectious disease. In addition to routine diagnosis, treatment and follow-up care, specialty services are available in psychiatry, neurology, hematology, dermatology, women's health, and substance use counseling. Adult patients requiring hospitalization are admitted to an inpatient unit at Yale New Haven Hospital dedicated to the care of patients with HIV and AIDS. We offer clinical trials offering new and promising therapies for HIV and its complications. Individuals enrolling in these programs may receive their continuing care from their own provider or be monitored at the hospital. We hold weekly AIDS conferences to keep up to date on the newest therapies in HIV prevention and public health strategies, as well as to discuss complicated multidisciplinary cases. Our specialized services include: Outpatient, primary, and consultative HIV care Infusion therapies Subspecialty consultation in dermatology, neurology, psychiatry, women's health, and substance abuse Experimental therapies HIV counseling and testing Testing Rapid HIV testing, which is available to adults and teens who are registered with our Primary Care Center and Women’s Center. Early detection is important for better health outcomes. Adult Outpatient Care In addition to comprehensive HIV specialty/primary care, our clinic offers psychiatry/mental health support, social work, nursing, neurology, gynecology, and hepatitis C treatment for those who need it. We offer HIV care for pregnant women in collaboration with Yale obstetric and pediatric services. Pediatric AIDS Care Program We provide specialized medical, nursing, and social care for children and teenagers living with HIV/AIDS, as well as a transitional program for young adults into adult care. We also follow pregnant HIV-positive mothers who are in the care of the Adult Outpatient Clinic, including screening newborns. The Pediatric AIDS Care Clinic is located in the Pediatric Specialty Center at Yale New Haven Children's Hospital. Appointments may be made by calling the YM CARE Center at 1-877-925-3637 (1-877-YALE MDS).

Yale Infectious Diseases cares for ambulatory and hospitalized patients with every variety of infectious disease. Specialized services are offered in such areas as traveler’s health, tick-borne diseases, HIV, and related disorders. Research explores such areas as Lyme disease, West Nile and Zika virus, microbial pathogenesis, pneumonia and UTI in older adults, HIV, meningitis, malaria and international health, and nosocomial infections. We are both consultants, working hand-in-hand with referring physicians or groups, and principal caregivers for our patients. Our care is multidisciplinary, involving skilled nurses, dietitians, social workers, and other physicians to deliver the best care possible. Specialized care is offered in the following areas: Hospital-acquired infection control and management Central nervous system infections Fungal infections Hospital epidemiology Traveler's medicine/international health HIV/AIDS Care Lyme disease and tick-borne illnesses Expertise in treating infections in solid organ and stem cell transplants Comprehensive AIDS care and prevention services for people living with and at risk for HIV Multiple observational studies and clinical trial expertise in the study of HIV, HCV, immunology of aging, pneumonia, pseudomonas, tuberculosis (including MDR), urinary tract infections, and tick- and mosquito-borne diseases

At the Yale Pediatric Infectious Diseases Consultation Program, our internationally recognized team of clinicians focuses on treating a wide array of viral, bacterial, and parasitic infections. Through our outpatient clinical services, we diagnose and treat infectious diseases in children. In addition to HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, and Lyme disease, our doctors are experts in: Acquired and congenital infections in newborns Infections in immunocompromised patients Fungal infections Respiratory tract infections Tropical medicine and parasitology Transplant ID Outpatient consultations in Infectious Diseases are provided at The Children's Hospital at Yale New Haven, the major teaching hospital of the Yale School of Medicine. Appointments require a referral from a Primary care provider. To schedule a consultation, physicians should call the YM CARE Center at 1-877-925-3637 (1-877-YALE MDS).

Our multidisciplinary group of physicians and health providers are committed to providing state-of-the-art therapy to our patients with hepatitis B and hepatitis C infections. We have a 50-year tradition of excellence in liver research and patient care, and continue to be international leaders on the study and treatment of liver disorders. As a partner of the Yale School of Medicine Liver Center, one of only four liver research centers in the country sponsored by the National Institutes of Health, ours is the premier program in Connecticut offering comprehensive patient care for individuals with viral hepatitis. The key to effective disease management of acute and chronic viral hepatitis is our coordinated care among specially trained physicians, as well as a specialized nurse who provides teaching and psychological support. We enjoy close relationships with specialists in adult and pediatric gastroenterology, transplant hepatology, medical and transplant nephrology, transplant surgery, gastrointestinal pathology, diagnostic and interventional radiology, gastrointestinal surgery, rheumatology, OB/GYN, medical and surgical oncology, infectious diseases, the AIDS Care Program, psychiatry, and addiction medicine. The Gastrointestinal Pathology program at Yale is the only subspecialty program of its kind in Connecticut, and provides expert consultative services for the most challenging liver pathology examinations in the region. We partner with Yale New Haven Hospital’s Nathan Smith Clinic in the management of patients with HBV/HIV and HCV/HIV co-infections, and with the Yale Liver Transplant Program in the pre- and post-transplant evaluation and management of patients with liver cirrhosis and end-stage liver disease. We have four areas aimed at improving treatment and outcomes for viral hepatitis: Education: Providing formal education classes and individualized instruction sessions for patients with chronic hepatitis C infection prior to the initiation of antiviral therapy Treatment: Maintaining high standards of practice in treatment protocols and close coordination of care with referring physicians to provide the most advanced and scientifically based approaches to the management of viral hepatitis Research: Ensuring the opportunity for patient access to novel approaches in the treatment of viral hepatitis and liver disorders through clinical trials Community outreach: Building relationships with the surrounding communities of Greater New Haven and Connecticut to raise awareness about viral hepatitis, and to promote screening and education Special services offered by the Yale Viral Hepatitis Program include: Weekly multidisciplinary patient care conferences and liver pathology conferences to draw upon the varied expertise of our Yale Medicine physicians Coordination with the liver and kidney transplant programs Comprehensive services for diagnostic and interventional GI endoscopy, percutaneous and trans-jugular liver biopsy, paracentesis and trans

Since 2003, asylum seekers requiring a medical evaluation have been referred to the Yale Center for Asylum Medicine (YCAM) by attorneys from law schools, including Yale, the University of Connecticut, and Columbia, as well as human rights groups, including Physicians for Human Rights, HealthRight International, the American Friends Service Committee, the Center for Immigrants and Refugees, and Integrated Refugee and Immigrant Services, among others. These applicants describe experiencing unlawful detention, torture, harassment, domestic violence, female genital cutting, and homophobic hate crimes and come to the United States to seek safety and build a new life. The Center’s trained clinicians perform a forensic medical interview and examination to document physical and psychological scars and functional impairments. These objective findings are presented to immigration authorities and judiciary members in the form of an affidavit and/or testimony. Medical students, residents, and fellows assist YCAM faculty as they perform medical examinations of asylum applicants at Yale School of Medicine or a nearby detention facility. Trainees complete formal training to assist with evaluations. Residents, fellows, and students at the School of Medicine and Yale School of Public Health learn about asylum medicine and local global health through lectures, workshops, trainings, and presentations on campus and at regional and national meetings. YCAM has hosted national meetings to teach physicians from the U.S. and Canada about forensic evaluations. YCAM collaborates extensively with legal and human rights professionals to advance knowledge and research in the field of asylum medicine.

Covering every aspect of health care for adults, Internal Medicine is the largest department in the Yale School of Medicine, and the largest clinical service at Yale New Haven Hospital. We provide comprehensive and specialized services in all areas in a variety of outpatient settings as well as the Veterans Affairs (VA) Connecticut Health Care System campus in West Haven. Our culture of collaboration and research gives patients access to expert opinions from nearly 1,000 doctors, as well as opportunities to get tomorrow’s health care today through more than 100 clinical trials. Most importantly, we attend to our diverse community of patients with compassionate, thorough care. Specialized care is offered in the following areas: Allergy & clinical immunology Cardiovascular medicine Digestive diseases Endocrinology General internal medicine Geriatrics Hematology Infectious diseases Medical oncology Occupational health & environmental medicine Nephrology Pulmonology, critical care & sleep medicine Rheumatology International reputation for work in understanding function, independence, and quality of life in older persons Key research breakthroughs of the past decade that include the development of a protective Lyme bacillus disease vaccine, exploration of the underlying causes of allergic disease, and the discovery of novel inherited immunological diseases Largest interventional cardiology program in Connecticut Major referral center for patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes, as well as other metabolic conditions Nationally ranked program in kidney diseases and the largest kidney transplant program in New England, with multidisciplinary care clinics One of the largest peripheral vascular programs in the country, with leadership and participation in multiple new percutaneous device trials Once of only a few motility centers in Connecticut to provide all motility procedures and services Unique medical forensic exams for individuals with claims of torture who are seeking asylum in the U.S.

Our goal at the Diabetes Center is to give patients the tools necessary to successfully manage the day-to-day challenges of living with diabetes and prevent long-term diabetes complications. We provide comprehensive management and education for adults with type 1 and type 2 diabetes. We focus on lifestyle interventions and use the latest medications and technologies to improve our patients’ health. We also treat patients with: Pre-diabetes and metabolic syndrome Obesity Polycystic ovarian syndrome Lipid or cholesterol abnormalities Our nationally recognized doctors and nurse practitioners work as a team to address our patients’ needs in managing diabetes and other conditions. We understand that living with diabetes presents challenges. We focus on education and making patients their own advocates. Through the most current and state-of-the-art treatments, we will help them better manage their care. Oral Medications There are several classes of oral diabetes medications that we may prescribe if patients have type 2 diabetes. These medications differ in the way they work to reduce blood glucose levels. Frequently, oral medications from different classes are used in combination. Sulfonylureas: These drugs increase the amount of insulin produced by the pancreas. Meglitinides: These drugs rapidly increase the amount of insulin produced by the pancreas. Biguanides: Metformin is the only biguanide on the market. It is thought to work by reducing the production of glucose in the liver. Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitors: These medications reduce the amount of glucose absorbed in the intestines. Thiazolidinediones: This agent makes the body more sensitive to insulin. Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 inhibitors (DPP-4 inhibitors): These drugs increase the amount of insulin produced by the pancreas after a meal and reduce the amount of glucose produced by the liver. Injection Therapies There are several classes of injection therapies for diabetes. These treatments are given by an injection under the skin. The most common injection therapy is insulin, which comes in many different formulations that differ in how fast they work and how long they last. Below is a list of the different types of insulins. Technologies and Experimental Treatments Insulin Pumps: Insulin pumps were first pioneered at Yale in the 1970s. An insulin pump is an electronic, pager-sized, battery-powered device that delivers insulin continuously through a small plastic catheter under the skin. Insulin is delivered in different amounts (“basal” or “bolus” levels) during the day and controlled by the patient. While fasting, patients will administer a low level of continuous “basal” insulin to keep their blood glucose in the normal range. Prior to meals, they will determine a “bolus” of insulin based on the amount of carbohydrates in the meal. Continuous Glucose Monitoring systems (CGM): A CGM is a device that measures glucose under the skin (also known as “interstitial” glucose) every five minutes thr

The Hematology Program at Smilow Cancer Hospital offers comprehensive diagnosis and treatment of blood cancers: lymphoma, leukemia, and myeloma. While the causes of these cancers remain unknown, great strides in treatment, some of which originated from Yale Cancer Center research, are improving survival rates. The overall aim of treatment is to bring about a complete remission. Treatment approaches for blood cancers may include chemotherapy, radiation oncology, stem cell or marrow transplantation, or immunotherapy. Each patient receives an individual treatment plan, which includes standard care and/or clinical trials, which offer novel treatment options. Yale hematopathologists employ the complete range of diagnostic tools available, including bone marrow examination, bone imaging, M protein analysis, cytogenetics, immunophenotyping, and FISH and PCR analysis, as well as genetic testing and the identification of markers that guide prognosis. Additionally, patients have access to caregivers who help them cope with the physical, emotional, and psychological issues related to these cancers. Advanced practice nurses and social workers assist with education, general information, and practical issues of travel and accommodation assistance. The blood cancers we are fighting: Lymphoma is the most common blood cancer, affecting 81,000 Americans each year. While its rates continue to rise, there have also been rapid advances in treatment, and the current 5-year survival rate for all people diagnosed with Hodgkin lymphoma is 87%. Leukemia is a malignant cancer of the bone marrow and blood, diagnosed in 60,000 Americans each year. It is the most common cancer in children and teens. The leukemia death rate for children ranging from birth to age 14 in the United States has declined 60% over the past three decades, due to treatment advances. Myeloma is a disease of the plasma cell, and affects approximately 34,000 new patients annually. Overall survival in patients with myeloma has shown improvement in recent years, with treatments recently approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) is a precursor condition that could potentially lead to cancer and should be closely evaluated and monitored. Our myeloma specialists are dedicated to the care of these patients and see them as part of a MGUS Clinic. Stem Cell Transplant The Stem Cell Transplant Program at Smilow Cancer Hospital is a FACT accredited program that was started in 1994 and currently performs around 200 transplants yearly. We perform stem cell and bone marrow transplants for a variety of malignant and benign diseases in both pediatric and adult populations. There are two types of stem cell transplantation that we perform: Autologous transplant: involves using a patient’s own stem cells, whichare collected from their blood and frozen. Allogeneic transplant: involves receiving stem cells from another person, called a donor. A search