The Yale Avascular Necrosis & Osteonecrosis program focuses on maintaining joint function in patients with avascular necrosis (AVN), a condition in which bone tissue dies as a result of a temporary or permanent loss of blood supply to the bone. Our patients receive coordinated care across a spectrum of treatments, including 3D surgical planning, regenerative medicine, osteoinductive adjuvants, hyperbaric oxygen treatments, and stem cell therapies. The goal is to provide the best opportunity for patients to maintain their native joints, as well as continuity, if they eventually require total joint replacement. As a leader in AVN treatments, our innovative program merges evidence-based regenerative medicine with novel surgical techniques. AVN and osteonecrosis can be medically complex. Coordination of services is necessary to understand the cause of the disease, evaluate the extent of the necrosis, and prevent further occurrences. Our program directly works with Yale School of Medicine’s Hematology, Oncology, Infectious Disease, Pathology, Radiology, and Alcohol Cessation services to help streamline care for patients and their families. We offer the following treatments for AVN- and osteonecrosis-related conditions: Hip and knee Lesion treatment: We offer a minimally invasive 3D personalized surgery to address AVN of the hip joint. This procedure, developed at Yale School of Medicine by a team of biomedical engineers, aims to improve patient outcomes and reduce the need for total joint replacement. Shoulder lesion treatment: We treat AVN-related shoulder conditions, with the goal of preserving the shoulder joint whenever possible. Our physicians are experts at both traditional and reverse total shoulder replacement surgery as well as minimally invasive techniques to allow patients to return to their normal activities as soon as possible. Foot and Ankle lesion treatment: Our specialists have developed treatment options for AVN of the foot and ankle joints that range from traditional, conservative approaches, such as generic or custom braces, to surgical management, including joint-preserving or -sacrificing procedures. The treatment options are tailored to each patient, depending on the stage and extent of their necrosis. Hand and Elbow lesion treatment: Our Hand & Upper Extremity experts offer treatment for Keinbock’s disease, Hegemann's disease, and Panner's disease. These include custom braces, joint-preserving procedures, and surgical treatments. Our specialists design treatment plans based on each patient’s stage of necrosis to improve functionality and quality of life. Hyperbaric oxygen treatment: Our specialists are recognized experts in the use of hyberbaric oxygen for the treatment of AVN with the femoral head. Our team is able to create individualized treatment plans for patients seeking this procedure. Stem cell treatment: During the procedure, a patient’s bone marrow is harvested, and stem cel

We are committed to excellence in all areas of musculoskeletal care. Our physicians treat a variety of bone, joint, nerve, and muscle ailments across many orthopaedic specialties. Our physicians work in conjunction with primary care and specialty physicians to treat both common and complex musculoskeletal problems. We're here to help with all aspects of orthopedic care. Whether you are seeking treatment for a minor injury or a serious orthopedic concern, our skilled doctors are experienced in minimally invasive improvements, as well as procedures like joint reconstruction and replacement surgery to help you get moving again. Some of the more common conditions our specialists treat include: Spinal problems, including degenerative conditions, disk herniations, scoliosis, spinal stenosis, fractures, and tumors Shoulder problems, including rotator cuff disease, arthroscopic surgery, arthritis, joint replacement, fractures, and instability Elbow problems, including arthritis, fractures and dislocations, joint replacement, and instability Hand and wrist problems, including arthritis, fractures, arthroscopic surgery, joint replacement, and artery and nerve repairs Pelvis and hip problems, including arthritis, arthroscopic surgery, joint replacement, and fractures Knee problems, including ligament and meniscal tears, arthritis, arthroscopic surgery, joint replacement, and fractures Foot and ankle problems, including tendon and ligament repairs, fractures, arthritis, and joint replacement Pediatric problems, including congenital deformities and fractures Tumor and limb salvage surgery

Falls and fall injuries are one of the most common health problems among older adults. However, since falling is not a single disease, clinicians may not recognize falling as a treatable health problem. The consequences of untreated falls and their risk factors can be just as serious as those of other untreated chronic diseases. We have identified risk factors that increase the chance of falling. While some factors that increase risk of falling cannot be changed (such as age and previous falls), there are a number of important ones that can. These include: Any problems with walking or movement Blood pressure dropping too much when getting up (postural hypotension) Use of four or more medications or any psychoactive medications Unsafe footwear or foot problems Visual problems Environmental hazards that can cause tripping Research has shown that treating and correcting these specific health problems reduces the rate of falling by more than 30%. Yale researchers were among the first to show that falls among seniors could be prevented and that fall-prevention interventions mean that seniors are less likely to be hospitalized or need advanced medical care. This research has since been translated into protocols that are used in clinical and community settings to help prevent falls. Falls and fall injuries: Are more common than strokes and can be just as serious in their consequences Are the most preventable cause of needing nursing home placement Lead to problems with daily activities like dressing, bathing, and walking Among adults 70 years and older: Three in 10 fall each year Two in 10 who need home health care after being in the hospital will fall during the first month after coming home One in 10 suffer a serious fall injury such as a broken bone or head injury Five in 10 have problems getting up without help after they have fallen Falls cause over 90% of broken hips; only half of those who break their hip will get around as well as they did before their broken hip In the United States, 16% of all emergency department visits and almost 7% of all hospitalizations are for fall-related injuries