Fact Sheets

Pediatric Congenital Heart Surgery
Yale Medicine surgeons are widely recognized for innovation and expertise in the surgical treatment of pediatric congenital heart defects.
Complex Fracture
A complex fracture is a traumatic injury involving multiple breaks in a bone and damaged soft tissue. Learn about symptoms and treatment.
Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO)
ECMO is a machine that takes over heart and lung function when a patient’s organs don't work on their own. Learn more about this process.
Nosebleeds (Epistaxis)
Most nosebleeds are minor and the bleeding stops on its own, but some people will need medical attention.
Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy uses drugs that kill cancer cells or stop them from multiplying. Learn more about this treatment.
Chromosome Mosaicism
Mosaicism is a condition that occurs when a person has two or more genetically separate sets of cells in his or her body.
Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Pediatric obstructive sleep apnea is a condition in which the muscles at the back of the throat intermittently relax, partially or completely blocking the airway.
Vascular Malformations
Vascular malformations are rare with some types found in less than 1 percent of the population. If you have one, chances are it developed before you were born—many types of vascular malformations don’t cause symptoms until they are triggered by such events as adolescence, pregnancy, or some major surgery, trauma or injury.
Muscular Dystrophy
Muscular dystrophy includes 30+ distinct disorders that impair the building and restoring muscle, causing weakness and muscle control problems.
Esophageal Atresia
Esophageal atresia is a congenital disorder in which a baby’s esophagus does not form properly during pregnancy. Learn about symptoms and treatment.